Be Wise › Pet Wise guides › Dogs › German Shepherd
German Shepherd: temperament, health and care
German Shepherd: temperament, exercise and grooming needs, common health problems and who this dog suits.
This is general information for the UK. It is not veterinary or legal advice, and every animal is different. Speak to a vet about your pet's health. The Be Pet Wise app can also show rules for other countries.
At a glance
| Size | Large, about 22–40 kg |
|---|---|
| Typical lifespan | 9–13 years |
| Exercise | High: exercise and training every day |
| Grooming | Double coat that sheds heavily; brush several times a week |
Temperament and who it suits
Loyal, intelligent and protective; needs training and early socialisation.
Often suits: experienced owners who can train and exercise a working breed.
Poor breeding lines can carry more health problems, so choose breeders who health-test.
Health problems to know about
- Hip and elbow dysplasia
- Degenerative myelopathy
- Bloat
- Digestive problems
Individuals vary. Ask breeders about health testing, and keep up with vet checks, vaccination and weight control.
Before you get a German Shepherd
- See the puppy with its mother, where it was born
- Ask about health tests on the parents for the conditions above
- Check it is microchipped and registered by eight weeks old
- Consider adopting: breed rescues and rehoming centres often have dogs of this breed looking for homes
See buying a puppy or kitten: Lucy's Law and your rights.
Care, law and costs
See our general guide to dogs for feeding, the law in the UK, what it costs and emergencies, and our guides to microchipping law and toxic foods and plants.
Frequently asked questions
How long does a German Shepherd live?
A German Shepherd typically lives 9–13 years. Individual health, diet and weight all matter.
How much exercise does a German Shepherd need?
High: exercise and training every day.
What health problems are common in a German Shepherd?
Common concerns include hip and elbow dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, bloat and digestive problems. Ask breeders about health testing, and keep up with vet checks.
How much grooming does a German Shepherd need?
Double coat that sheds heavily; brush several times a week.
Who does a German Shepherd suit?
It often suits experienced owners who can train and exercise a working breed. Poor breeding lines can carry more health problems, so choose breeders who health-test.
Similar dogs
Sources
- The Royal Kennel Club: breed information and health schemes
- BSAVA: Microchipping legislation in the UK
- Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council: Lucy's Law
Want answers for your situation?
The Be Pet Wise app lets you choose your country and pet, and ask PetBot follow-up questions.
Open Be Pet WiseBrowse all guidesReviewed 2026-09-23. General information for the UK, not veterinary or legal advice. See how we check.